What is Gum Contouring?
Periodontal disease is an oral condition that can lead to gum recession, bone loss, and eventually tooth loss. When plaque and bacteria build up in the gum pockets between the gum tissue and the surface of each tooth, the gum tissue begins to pull away from the root surface of the affected teeth, and it is often a painful condition. Tooth sensitivity increases due to the exposed roots, and left untreated, the underlying bone begins to deteriorate. This is what leads to eventual tooth loss.
Fortunately, there is a simple outpatient procedure that can eradicate gum infection and help encourage the gum tissue to heal close to the tooth surface. Gum contouring is performed by a periodontist, though some dental offices have the technology to offer the procedure. Depending on the extent of treatment, gum contouring can usually be completed in one visit, varying from 15 minutes to about an hour.
Gum contouring can also be used for cosmetic purposes! Patients who have a gummy smile have excess gum tissue that covers too much of the tooth surface, making teeth appear small and boxy. A gummy smile can be genetic, or it can also be a side effect of some prescription medications. Gum contouring is a great solution to remove excess gum tissue to reveal more tooth structure and give the patient a bigger, healthier smile.
Gum Contouring Procedure
A topical numbing agent is applied to the area being treated and followed by a local anesthetic, administered via injection in the gum tissue. Once the area is numb, your provider will use a soft tissue laser to remove excess gum tissue or reshape uneven tissue while simultaneously cauterizing the area to control bleeding.
Reshaping gum tissue is also done in the case of periodontal disease to eradicate infection and plaque buildup in the gum pockets so that the gum tissue has the space to heal closer to the surface of the tooth, relieving exposed roots and tooth sensitivity.
Gum contouring is also used in conjunction with some dental restorations. If a tooth is too short to hold a crown or bridge, gum contouring can be used to expose more tooth surface. This procedure is called crown lengthening and gives the restoration more surface area to adhere to.
After Care
Your provider will give you a detailed list of post-operative care instructions to ensure proper healing. Following these instructions will help with a speedy recovery and avoid infection. Directions for pain management, oral hygiene, and dietary restrictions will be listed. Some directives may include tips such as:
- Liquid diet for 1-2 days
- Soft foods such as eggs, pasta, soft fruits, and well-cooked vegetables
- Avoid spicy or crunchy foods, foods with small seeds, and nuts
- Avoid carbonated, acidic, and alcoholic beverages for at least one week
Some degree of swelling and tenderness is expected after gum contouring surgery. Most patients are able to manage pain with over-the-counter pain medications such as Tylenol or ibuprofen. Medications that contain aspirin should be avoided because aspirin promotes bleeding.
You will also need to make a few changes to your oral care routine while you heal. It is important to continue brushing and flossing, taking extreme care to avoid your surgery site. Sometimes, using a Q-tip to clean the area can be easier and less likely to cause damage. A warm saltwater solution can be used to rinse your mouth, especially after eating. The warm salt water will also help soothe the area and keep it clear of debris.